Ana zargin dakarun Rasha da sace alkamar Ukraine da manoma suka yi wahalar nomawa a yankunan da ta mamaye da kuma wasu kayan amfanin gona irinsu iri, da taki da kayayyakin noma.
BBC ta tattauna da manoma, da nazari kan hotunan taurarin dan adam da kuma bibiyar bayanai, domin tattaro shaidu da ke tabbatar da yadda ake satar hatsin.
Da tazarar mil kaɗan daga filin daga, wani manomi a Ukraine Dmytro ya shaida yadda kasuwancin da ya shafe shekaru 25 a ciki ya salwance cikin wata huɗu na mamayar Rasha.
BBC ta yi kokarin tuntubar wasu manoma 200 da gonakinsu a yanzu ke karkashin ikon Rasha. Dmytro – ba sunansa kenan na asali ba domin mun yi kokarin ba shi kariya – na daya daga cikin mutane kalilan da suka yarda mu gana.
“Sun sace hatsinmu. Sun lalata mana muhalli, da kayayyakinmu.”
Ya ce dakarun Rasha a yanzu ke iko da kashi 80 cikin 100 na dubban hektocin gona da zarginsu da satar hatsi domin bukatun kansu.
“Sun fasha ofishinmu, sun lalata wayoyin lantarki da hotunan ‘yan uwanmu.”
Hotunan CCTV na ɗaya daga cikin kamfanonin sun nuna lokacin da Rasha ta iso.
An yi dishi-dishi da wasu hotunan saboda ɓoye fuskokin mutanen da suka mallaki gonakin, sai dai tambarin harafin Z da dakarun Rasha ke amfani da shi abu ne da ake iya gani a jikin motocinsu.
A bidiyon, an hango yadda wani jami’in soja ya yi kokarin harbe kamarar da ke nadar hotunan da bindigarsa, amma hakan ya gaggara.
BBC ta samu wasu takardu da ke dauke da sunayen gonaki da ake kwashe hatsinsu a karkata zuwa wasu yankunan mallakarta.
Wani bincike na daban da sashin BBC Rasha da BBC Ukraine suka gudanar ya nuna a wasu yankunan, Rasha na tilasta wa manoman Ukraine sayar da hatsinsu kasa da farashin kasuwa, da tilasta su sanya hannu kan takardu da ke nuna cewa an yi halastaccen kasuwanci.
Yayin da rahotanni farko ke nuna tsagwaron sata da dakarun Rasha ke aikatawa, manoma na cewa suna sauya salonsu ne bayan Rasha ta fahimci cewa idan bata biyan ko sisi.
Ana iya yi wa nomansu zagon-kasa anan gaba. Manoman na cewa dole su amince da farashin da aka karya, kazancewa ba su da zabi kuma suna bukatar sayen fetur da biyan ma’aikata.
Emilie Pottle, lauya ce ta kasa da kasa, kuma ta shaida wa BBC cewa wannan yanayi na iya saɓawa yarjejeniyar da aka cimma a Geneva kan tsarin tafiyar da gwamnati da mulki.
Mun tuntubi mahukuntan Rasha domin samun karin haske kan wadannan zarge-zarge, amma har yanzu ba mu samu wani martani ba.
Ko da yake, wasu jami’ai a yankunan da Rasha ke iko da shi sun fito karara sun yi bayyani kan yada ake kwashe hatsin Ukraine zuwa yankunan da suke iko da shi.
Dmytro ya ce wasu daga cikin motocin hatsin da Rasha ta dauke akwai na’urar GPS da ke nuna inda motar take.
Mun yi amfani da wannan dama wajen gane cewa sun shiga kudancin Crimea, da Rasha ta mamaye a 2014, sannan suka nausa Rasha.
Daga bayanan GPS, motocin sun tsaya a kusa da wani rumbun ajiya – da aka ce waje ne da ake lodi da sauke hatsi – a yankin Crimea na Oktyabrske.
A wani hoton tauraron dan adam da aka naɗa daga 14 ga watan Yunin shekarar nan – kana iya hango jeren motoci a kan hanya kusa da rumbun.
Wadannan ba su ne manyan motocin da muke da bayanansu na GPS ba, amma sun kasance wasu motoci na daban da suma ake amfani da su wajen aiki iri guda, wato safarar hatsi.
Muna iya hango rumbun aiyar a kusa da layin dogo, wanda ake iya amfani da hanyar wajen safarar hantsi zuwa cikin Rasha ko kuma tashar ruwa da ke kudanci Crimea.
A saman wajen ajiyar ana iya hango alamar Z – wanda ke nufin mamayar Rasha – a saman rufi.
Dogon layi a kan iyaka
Wannan shi ma hotunan tauraron dan adam ne da ke nuna yankuna biyu masu muhimmanci da zai kai mutum Crimea – wato Chonhar da Armyansk – inda ake iya hango jeren gwanon motoci, wanda ake iya amfani da su wajen safarar hatsi da sauran kayayyaki.
Wani hoto da aka dauka daga shingen Chonhar a ranar 17 ga watan Yuni ya nuna yadda motoci suka jeru aka tsayinsu ya kai kilomita biyar.
Yanayin cunkoson ababben hawa a Crimea abu ne da ba a saba gani ba ganin Ukraine ba ta da iko da yankin tun lokacin da Rasha tayi mata mamaya a 2014, kuma tana safarar hatsi da wasu kayayyakinta daga wasu yankunan.
Kana iya bada bayanai kan yawan motocin da ke karakaina daga yankunan bayan kai kaya Rasha.
Sai dai abin da ake gani shi ne yawancinsu hatsi suka kai wa – ko sauran kayayyaki amfani irinsu iri – da suka karba daga hannun manoma a Ukraine.
Hotunan taurarin dan adam daga garin Dzhankoi a Crimea sun nuna yadda motoci ke jira domin a sake loda musu hatsi domin sake safararsa a kusa da hanyar jirgn kasa.
Hotunan sun nuna jirgin kasa da ke dakon kaya – da dauran motocin da ake amfani da su wajen safarar hatsi – a kusa da tashar da ke jikin dakin ajiyar abincin.
Jiragen da ke zuwa Dzhankoi suna tasowa ne daga tashar Sevastopol da kerch, inda ake iya shigar da kaya Rasha ko Turai.
Ina ake kai hatsin Ukraine
“Ana kai hatsin yankin Crimea da aka mamaye da fari, sannan a shigar da su Kerch ko Sevastopol, kana a loda hatsin Uraine kan jiragen ruwan Rasha zuwa Kerch,” a cewar Andrii Klymenko, kwarare daga cibiyar tsare-tsare da bincike ka tekun Black Sea a Kyiv.
Ya kara da cewa ana kuma wannan safara ce da amincewar Rasha, ana ikirarin cewa hatsin Rasha ne.
Jiragen na zuwa har Syria da Turkiyya.
Ministan harkokin wajen Turkiyya, Mevlut Cavusoglu ya ce suna bincike kan ikirarin ana shigar da hatsin Ukraine zuwa Turkiyya, amma dai zuwa yanzu basu samu wata hujja ba.
Yanayin da ba a saba gani ba a Sevastopol
Hotunan tauraron dan adam daga tashar da ake gudanar da shige da ficen hatsi ta Avlita da ke Sevastopol a yammacin Crimea na nuna yada ake ta hada-hada a watan Yuni, ana iya hango launin ruwan dorawa na kayayyakin da ake ta lodawa a jirgin ruwa.
Mun nazari hotunan da aka tattara daga tashar a watan Yuni a tsawon shekaru, sai dai ayyukan na wannan lokaci ya sha banbam da wanda aka saba gani a baya.
Wasu kwararu da kuma tattauna da su na cewa wannan abin da ake aikatawa ba komai ba ne fashe safarar hatsin Ukraine.
Jiragen da suka kashe na’urar bibiyarsu
Daga Crimea, Mahukunta Amurka da Ukraine da rahotanni kafofin yada labarai sun ambato sunayen jiragen ruwa tara da suke da yakinin cewa na safarar hatsin Ukraine da aka sato zuwa ketare.
Sun yi amfani da wasu bayanai da suka tattara daga kamfanin leken asiri na Lloyds, BBC ta bibbiyi wasu jiragen ruwa da ke hanyar zuwa Crimea da tashoshin Turkiyya da Syria tun Afrilu.
Kamfanin Lloyd ya ce jiragen sun yi amfani da wasu dabaru na ɓa-da-kama wajen taimakawa a saci hatsin, musamman idan suka isa tashar Syria.
BBC ta bibbiyi tafiyar jirage uku: na Matros Pozynich da Sormovskiy 48, duk mallakin kamfanin Rasha da kuma Finikia, mallakin Syria.
Mun yi kokarin tuntubar Rasha domin samun bayanai kan wannan balaguro, amma babu wanda ya tanka. Hakazalika mun gaggara samun bayanai daga Syria.
Hotunan daga Maxar na nuna yadda Matros Pozynich na Sevastopol a Crimea ke aiki a tsakiyar Mayu. Ya je Kerch Strait, ya tsaya na tsawon kwanaki biyar, sannan ana gano shi a can wani wuri mai nisan gaske a tekun Black Sea. Sannan daga baya aka sake gano shi a tashar Latakia na Syria – sannan ya sake kashe na’urar bibbiyar jirgi wato tracker.
Karkashin dokokin tsaro a kan teku, domin naurar da ke nuna inda jirgi yake ya kasance a kunne a koda yaushe, sai dai idan ya kasance cikin yanayi na hadari – daga masu fashi, misali.
Michelle Wiese Bockmann, shugabannin fanin kasuwanci a Lloyd, na ganin cewa babu wata hujja da za ta kai ga kashe na’urar bibbiyar jirgi a kusa da Crimea ko tashar Syria.
“Hakan ba shi da alaka da fargabar fashin teku,” a cewar Ms Bockmann.
Wadanda suka taimaka da karin rahoto daga Ukraine su ne Hanna Wtikenwneider, Sira Thierij, Anna Chornous
Wadanda suka taimaka da karin rahoto daga London su ne Josh Cheetham, Jake Horton, Daniele Palumbo, Erwan Rivault da kuma Andrei Zakharov
Source: www.bbc.com
